Introduction to
Faciomaxillary Surgery:
Faciomaxillary surgery involves the surgical treatment of facial and jaw injuries or abnormalities. It encompasses a wide range of procedures, including the correction of facial fractures, congenital deformities, and reconstructive surgeries following trauma or cancer treatment. This specialized field aims to restore function and appearance, addressing issues related to the bones, skin, muscles, and nerves of the face and jaws. Faciomaxillary surgeons work closely with other medical professionals to provide comprehensive care, ensuring optimal outcomes for patients with complex facial and dental conditions.
Types of Surgeries
Treatment Available
Orthodontic Treatment:
Often combined with jaw surgery, orthodontics uses braces or aligners to correct tooth alignment and bite issues before or after orthognathic surgery.
Orthognathic Surgery:
Corrects jaw and facial skeletal abnormalities to improve bite function, facial aesthetics, and oral health. Procedures can target the upper jaw (maxilla), lower jaw (mandible), or both.
Maxillary Osteotomy (LeFort Osteotomy):
Surgically adjusts the upper jaw to address concerns such as a receding upper jaw, crossbite, or narrow palate.
Mandibular Osteotomy (Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy - BSSO):
Repositions the lower jaw to correct underbites, overbites, or jaw asymmetry.
Genioplasty (Chin Surgery):
Enhances facial harmony and balance by reshaping or repositioning the chin, often performed alongside jaw surgery to optimize facial aesthetics.
TMJ Surgery:
Corrects temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, alleviating jaw pain, clicking, and chewing difficulties by surgically addressing structural issues within the joint.
Conditions
Misaligned jaws
Facial asymmetry
Bite problems (overbite, underbite, crossbite)
Speech issues due to jaw misalignment
Difficulty chewing or swallowing
Chronic jaw or TMJ pain
Treatment Available
Closed Reduction:
Involves realigning fractured facial bones without surgical incisions, typically performed under local anesthesia for less severe fractures.
Open Reduction/Internal Fixation (ORIF):
Surgically realigns fractured facial bones and stabilizes them with plates, screws, or wires to facilitate proper healing and restore facial symmetry.
Maxillofacial Reconstruction:
Utilizes reconstructive surgery techniques to repair complex facial fractures or deformities, including bone grafting, tissue flaps, and advanced surgical procedures aimed at restoring both function and appearance.
Soft Tissue Repair:
Addresses injuries to facial skin, muscles, and other soft tissues through suturing, skin grafting, or flap surgery to ensure optimal wound healing and cosmetic results.
Orthognathic Surgery:
Corrects jaw misalignment or deformities caused by facial trauma, enhancing bite function, facial aesthetics, and overall oral health.
Revision Surgery:
Occasionally necessary to manage complications, enhance outcomes, or refine the results of initial facial trauma surgery.
Conditions
Fractured cheekbones (zygomatic fractures)
Broken jaws (mandibular fractures)
Nose fractures (nasal fractures)
Orbital fractures (eye socket)
Soft tissue injuries to the face
Complex maxillofacial trauma
Treatment Available
Arthroscopy:
This minimally invasive method employs a small camera and instruments inserted through tiny incisions to both diagnose and address TMJ disorders, such as removing adhesions or inflamed tissue.
Arthrocentesis:
A less invasive procedure that involves flushing the TMJ with sterile fluid to clear debris, reduce inflammation, and improve joint function.
Open Joint Surgery:
This approach requires a larger incision to directly access the TMJ, allowing for more extensive procedures such as repositioning the disc, removing damaged tissue, or correcting structural abnormalities.
Total Joint Replacement (TMJ Replacement Surgery):
Reserved for severe cases of TMJ dysfunction where the joint is beyond repair, this surgery entails replacing the entire TMJ with artificial components to restore function and alleviate pain.
Conditions
TMJ disorders (TMD)
Jaw pain and stiffness
Lockjaw (trismus)
Clicking or popping sounds in the jaw
Limited range of jaw movement
Joint degeneration or damage
Treatment Available
Cleft Lip Repair:
This surgical procedure aims to close the gap in the upper lip, usually undertaken within the first few months of life to restore normal appearance and improve functions such as feeding and speech.
Cleft Palate Repair:
This surgical procedure closes the gap in the roof of the mouth (palate), typically performed before the age of 12 months to enhance feeding, speech development, and prevent complications like ear infections and dental issues.
Alveolar Bone Grafting:
This surgery fills the gap in the upper jaw (alveolus) with bone grafts, usually done around ages 8-11 years to support tooth eruption, enhance facial symmetry, and stabilize the jaw.
Orthodontic Treatment:
Involves using braces or other devices to align teeth and jaws before or after cleft lip and palate surgery, ensuring optimal bite function and facial aesthetics.
Conditions
Cleft lip (unilateral or bilateral)
Cleft palate
Associated speech and feeding difficulties
Ear infections and hearing problems related to cleft conditions
Treatment Available
Orthodontic Treatment:
Often combined with jaw surgery, orthodontics uses braces or aligners to correct tooth alignment and bite issues before or after orthognathic surgery.
Orthognathic Surgery:
Corrects jaw and facial skeletal abnormalities to improve bite function, facial aesthetics, and oral health. Procedures can target the upper jaw (maxilla), lower jaw (mandible), or both.
Maxillary Osteotomy (LeFort Osteotomy):
Surgically adjusts the upper jaw to address concerns such as a receding upper jaw, crossbite, or narrow palate.
Mandibular Osteotomy (Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy - BSSO):
Repositions the lower jaw to correct underbites, overbites, or jaw asymmetry.
Genioplasty (Chin Surgery):
Enhances facial harmony and balance by reshaping or repositioning the chin, often performed alongside jaw surgery to optimize facial aesthetics.
TMJ Surgery:
Corrects temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, alleviating jaw pain, clicking, and chewing difficulties by surgically addressing structural issues within the joint.
Conditions
Misaligned jaws
Facial asymmetry
Bite problems (overbite, underbite, crossbite)
Speech issues due to jaw misalignment
Difficulty chewing or swallowing
Chronic jaw or TMJ pain
Treatment Available
Closed Reduction:
Involves realigning fractured facial bones without surgical incisions, typically performed under local anesthesia for less severe fractures.
Open Reduction/Internal Fixation (ORIF):
Surgically realigns fractured facial bones and stabilizes them with plates, screws, or wires to facilitate proper healing and restore facial symmetry.
Maxillofacial Reconstruction:
Utilizes reconstructive surgery techniques to repair complex facial fractures or deformities, including bone grafting, tissue flaps, and advanced surgical procedures aimed at restoring both function and appearance.
Soft Tissue Repair:
Addresses injuries to facial skin, muscles, and other soft tissues through suturing, skin grafting, or flap surgery to ensure optimal wound healing and cosmetic results.
Orthognathic Surgery:
Corrects jaw misalignment or deformities caused by facial trauma, enhancing bite function, facial aesthetics, and overall oral health.
Revision Surgery:
Occasionally necessary to manage complications, enhance outcomes, or refine the results of initial facial trauma surgery.
Conditions
Fractured cheekbones (zygomatic fractures)
Broken jaws (mandibular fractures)
Nose fractures (nasal fractures)
Orbital fractures (eye socket)
Soft tissue injuries to the face
Complex maxillofacial trauma
Treatment Available
Arthroscopy:
This minimally invasive method employs a small camera and instruments inserted through tiny incisions to both diagnose and address TMJ disorders, such as removing adhesions or inflamed tissue.
Arthrocentesis:
A less invasive procedure that involves flushing the TMJ with sterile fluid to clear debris, reduce inflammation, and improve joint function.
Open Joint Surgery:
This approach requires a larger incision to directly access the TMJ, allowing for more extensive procedures such as repositioning the disc, removing damaged tissue, or correcting structural abnormalities.
Total Joint Replacement (TMJ Replacement Surgery):
Reserved for severe cases of TMJ dysfunction where the joint is beyond repair, this surgery entails replacing the entire TMJ with artificial components to restore function and alleviate pain.
Conditions
TMJ disorders (TMD)
Jaw pain and stiffness
Lockjaw (trismus)
Clicking or popping sounds in the jaw
Limited range of jaw movement
Joint degeneration or damage
Treatment Available
Cleft Lip Repair:
This surgical procedure aims to close the gap in the upper lip, usually undertaken within the first few months of life to restore normal appearance and improve functions such as feeding and speech.
Cleft Palate Repair:
This surgical procedure closes the gap in the roof of the mouth (palate), typically performed before the age of 12 months to enhance feeding, speech development, and prevent complications like ear infections and dental issues.
Alveolar Bone Grafting:
This surgery fills the gap in the upper jaw (alveolus) with bone grafts, usually done around ages 8-11 years to support tooth eruption, enhance facial symmetry, and stabilize the jaw.
Orthodontic Treatment:
Involves using braces or other devices to align teeth and jaws before or after cleft lip and palate surgery, ensuring optimal bite function and facial aesthetics.
Conditions
Cleft lip (unilateral or bilateral)
Cleft palate
Associated speech and feeding difficulties
Ear infections and hearing problems related to cleft conditions
Happy Patients
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